Year
2024
Abstract
| The present work has as general objective to elucidate the analysis of the need for a cooperative work of nuclear security for countries of the same continental region and to expose two fundamental points that represent, for each member country of the IAEA, belonging to the American Continent, the base of a System of effective Nuclear Safety, on two levels of action: a nuclear safety system at the national level, and another broader system, defined as a Nuclear Safety system at the Regional level. Nuclear Safety is part of a complex, dynamic and broad structure, based on three major areas that cover several domains: Regulatory Area (Specific for Nuclear Materials and Other Radioactive Materials, Installations and Activities), Non-Regulatory Area (Specific for Nuclear Materials and Others Radioactive Materials, Outside Regulatory Control) and Institutional Cooperation (Common Nuclear Safety Areas), according to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Despite its complexity, constant updating is necessary to adapt to the global, local and current scenario. This involves people, rules and procedures, in addition to requiring the study and preparation of plans and/or adaptation projects in the local community to better position security capabilities in response actions. In Brazil, as in other countries, nuclear safety has been implemented following the guidelines of the IAEA norms, in accordance with the social reality of our country and in accordance with the criteria established by the CNEN norms. In times of major events such as the Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, a crisis committee managed and structured all security procedures, working cooperatively with professionals from other countries. And the success and efficiency of the security procedures adopted in the major events mentioned were the result of a vast work of cooperation in information and security techniques, provided by several countries, mainly those from countries neighboring Brazil. On the American continent, the implementation of a cooperative nuclear security system involving all member states would provide a better exchange of experiences and distribution of information between countries, which would enable the creation of a much more effective regional security system, which could prevent any attempt to use a nuclear or radioactive material for a terrorist attack or any act of sabotage or theft. |