Updating the Annexes to the IAEA Additional Protocol

The Model Additional Protocol has two technical annexes that set out activities and exports that the State must report to the IAEA. The state is required to report annually with a declaration of the scale of operations for each location where activities listed in Annex I take place, and to report quarterly on its exports (and, upon request, on its imports) of items listed in Annex II. This information is intended to help the IAEA assess the consistency and completeness of the State’s safeguards-related declarations. The IAEA has specific authority to perform complementary access at locations involved in Annex I activities and Annex II imports. These Annexes may be amended by the Board, upon the advice of an open-ended working group of experts established by the Board. In approving the Model AP, the Board agreed to set up such open-ended ad hoc working groups whenever amendments were proposed to either Annex, but to date no formal proposals have been made. Both Annexes were based on export control lists in effect and nuclear fuel cycle concerns in the 1990s. Annex II was based on the voluntary reporting scheme adopted by the Board in February 1993, which was adopted from the Trigger List of the Nuclear Suppliers Group, a list that has since been amended 13 times. Annex I is a list of 15 activities, most of which are related to the manufacture of items in sensitive areas of the nuclear fuel cycle. This paper will describe the origins of these Annexes and outline some substantive and procedural considerations for how they might be revised.