PHYSICAL SECURITY ENGINEERING BY DESIGN FOR NUCLEAR FACILITIES

Security by design, or SeBD, is a comprehensive approach that integrates the physical protection system of a nuclear plant into every stage of its existence. This includes planning, designing, constructing, commissioning, and operating the facility, as well as using a combination of analytical, physical, technological, and procedural measures. Essentially, SeBD involves intentionally applying and incorporating security into all aspects of design and operation throughout the entire life cycle of a facility. By implementing this methodology throughout various phases such as program development, process implementation, staff training, and procedure management in conjunction with plant equipment, facilities can be optimized to minimize security risks without compromising functional design requirements. This ultimately improves the overall security posture of the site and reduces the need for costly modifications or additional security resources post design. This paper explores the principles of SeBD, its application throughout the life cycle of a nuclear facility, and the benefits of this approach in enhancing the overall security and operational efficiency of nuclear power plants.