Enhancing the Safety-Security Interface: A Comparative Analysis of the U.S. NRC's ROP
and South Korea's Regulatory Framework with a Focus on Cybersecurity

This paper compares the regulatory frameworks for nuclear safety and security in the United States and South Korea, with a focus on cybersecurity. While both frameworks share common objectives, they differ in organizational structure and focus. The paper suggests that South Korea could benefit from adopting a more integrative approach to cybersecurity, drawing inspiration from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Reactor Oversight Process (ROP). Meanwhile, the U.S. could explore ways to further specialize and strengthen specific safety and security aspects within the ROP, drawing from the experiences of Korean regulatory bodies. The paper concludes that by addressing these opportunities and fostering collaboration, both countries can strengthen their nuclear safety and security measures and contribute to global efforts in this critical area.