Barriers to Women Seeking Nuclear Related Careers: A Survey of Women in Nuclear

Abstract Background: Women pursuing careers in the nuclear sector face a myriad of challenges that impede both entry and career advancement. Currently, with a variety of initiative to encourage women pursuit careers in Nuclear, Yet, there is a pressing need to address hindering factors adding resistance to women intending to have careers in nuclear fields. This study aims to describe factors hindering women from pursuing careers in nuclear fields. Methods: This study combines an extensive literature review with survey data from 112 nuclear security professionals to elucidate the structural, cultural, and organizational barriers encountered by women. Results: Findings reveal that gender stereotypes, limited access to mentorship and professional networks, and work–life balance challenges are predominant impediments. International initiatives—such as the IAEA Women in Nuclear Security Initiative (WINSI) and the NEA Global Forum Rising Stars Program—offer promising strategies to redress these imbalances. Conclusion: The paper concludes with recommendations for policy interventions and organizational reforms to foster a more inclusive nuclear industry.